医疗卫生装备

目的：为开展飞行员航空生理训练，研制一种缺氧耐力检查系统。方法：该系统由低氧混合气制备装置、低氧混合气增压系统和单兵呼吸器3个部分组成。其中，低氧混合气制备装置主要由设备主机（包含空气压缩机、过滤器、缓冲罐、高分子膜、控制模块、传感器和调压阀等部件）、电源电缆、配套软管等组成；低氧混合气增压系统主要由防护箱、散热风扇、电动机和驱动器、控制模块、电磁阀、汇流块、压力表等组成；单兵呼吸器主要由气瓶、减压器、供氧调节器等组成。选取48名被试进行缺氧暴露试验，以验证该系统的有效性。结果：该系统可实现低氧气体制备、增压灌装、开展缺氧试验功能。试验结果表明，采用该系统开展急性缺氧暴露工作可使被试出现明显的缺氧症状与体征，可显著降低被试的生理机能。结论：该系统具有气体体积分数控制精度高、安全性好、模拟缺氧效果显著等优点，可为飞行员急性高空缺氧检查与训练提供工具。

Objective To develop a hypoxia endurance testing system for aviation physiological training of pilots. Methods The hypoxia endurance testing system comprised a low-oxygen mixed gas generator, a pressurization system for low-oxygen mixed gas and a personal breathing apparatus. The low-oxygen mixed gas generator consisted of a main unit composed of an air compressor, a filter, a buffer tank, polymer membrane, a control module, sensors and regulators, wire cables, supporting hoses, etc.; the pressurization system for low-oxygen mixed gas was made up of a protective box, a cooling fan, a motor and a driver, a control module, a solenoid valve, a convergence block, a pressure gauge, etc.; the personal breating apparatus was composed of a gas cylinder, a pressure reducer, an oxygen supply regulator, etc. Forty-eight subjects were selected for hypoxia exposure tests to verify the effectiveness of the system. Results The system developed had the functions of lowoxygen gas preparation, pressurized filling and hypoxia experiment, and the experimental results indicated the acute hypoxia exposure by the system significantly caused signs and symptoms of hypoxia and weakened physiological functions. Conclusion The system developed gains advantages in high accuracy of gas volume fraction control, safety and remarkable effect of simulated hypoxia, and can be an effective tool for acute high-altitude hypoxia testing and training of pilots. [Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):23-28]