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目的：构建消化内科患者医疗器械相关性压力性损伤（medical device-related pressure injury,MDRPI）风险评估量表并进行验证。方法：选取2021年4月至2024年4月间因消化系统疾病住院并于住院期间使用医疗器械的264例患者作为研究对象，以患者治疗期间是否出现MDRPI分为MDRPI组（n=52）和正常组（n=212）。采用最小绝对收缩和选择算子（least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,LASSO）回归及多因素Logistic回归筛选并分析消化内科患者MDRPI的影响因素。基于影响因素和2轮德尔菲法专家咨询结果构建消化内科患者MDRPI量表，并对量表进行信度分析和效度分析。结果：LASSO回归和多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，身体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）、器械硬度、器械型号、器械数量、器械使用时间、皮肤压力、侧卧位通气和Braden评分是消化内科患者MDRPI的影响因素（P<0.05）。构建的消化内科患者MDRPI风险评估量表的最终条目包括年龄、是否合并基础疾病、BMI、器械硬度、器械型号、器械数量、器械使用时间、皮肤压力、侧卧位通气和Braden评分。信度分析显示，构建的量表具有较好的内部一致性信度和折半信度（Cronbach α系数为0.79，标准化Cronbach α系数为0.80,SpearmanBrown折半信度系数值为0.73）。效度分析显示，构建的量表具有较好的内容效度和结构效度[KMO(Kaiser-MeyerOlkin)值为0.80，巴特球形值为335.26,P<0.001]。结论：构建的消化内科患者MDRPI风险评估量表具有较高的可信度，可为消化内科的临床治疗与护理提供指导，具有较高的临床使用价值。
Abstract：Objective To build and validate a medical device-related pressure injury(MDRPI) risk assessment scale for gastroenterology patients. Methods Totally 264 patients who were hospitalized for digestive system diseases and used medical devices during hospitalization between April 2021 and April 2024 were selected as the study subjects, who were divided into a MDRPI group(n = 52) and a normal group(n = 212) based on whether or not MDRPI appeared during the patient's treatment. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO) regression and multifactorial Logistic regression were used to screen and analyze the influencing factors of MDRPI in gastroenterology patients. A MDRPI scale for gastroenterology patients was established based on the influencing factors and two ruonds of Delphi expert consultations, which underwent reliability and validity analyses. Results LASSO regression and multifactorial Logistic regression analyses showed that body mass index(BMI), device hardness, device model, number of devices, duration of device service, skin pressure, lateral ventilation and Braden score were the influencing factors of gastroenterology patient MDRPI(P < 0.05). The entries of the constructed MDRPI risk assessment scale for gastroenterology patients included age, presence underlying diseases, BMI, device hardness, device model, number of devices, duration of device service, skin pressure, lateral ventilation and Braden score. Reliability analysis indicated the constructed scale had high internal consistency reliability and half reliability, with the Cronbach alpha coefficient being 0.79, standardized Cronbach alpha coefficient being 0.80 and Spearman-Brown fold-half reliability coefficient being 0.73. Validity analysis proved the constructed scale gain high content and structural validity, with KMO(Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) value being 0.80, Bartlett spherical value being 335.26 and P < 0.001. Conclusion The constructed MDRPI risk assessment scale for gastroenterology patients with high reliability provides guidance for clinical treatment and nursing.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19745/j.1003-8868.2026012
中图分类号:R197.323
引用信息:
[1]郑礼莉,岑发丽,宋晓,等.消化内科患者医疗器械相关性压力性损伤风险评估量表构建及验证[J].医疗卫生装备,2026,47(01):79-84.DOI:10.19745/j.1003-8868.2026012.
基金信息:
四川省中医药管理局中医药科研专项课题（2024MS110）
2026-01-15
2026-01-15